Table of Contents
Quick Overview
Understanding the difference between Complement and Compliment is essential for clear, professional writing in American English. These two words are classic homophones-they sound almost identical in everyday speech, but they have completely different meanings and grammatical functions. Mixing them up is one of the most common spelling and grammar mistakes in the English language.
| Feature | Complement | Compliment |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | To complete, enhance, or make something perfect | To praise, congratulate, or express admiration |
| Part of Speech | Verb or Noun | Verb or Noun |
| Pronunciation | /หkษmplษmษnt/ (COM-pluh-ment) | /หkษmplษmษnt/ (COM-pluh-ment) |
| Common Contexts | Food pairings, design, teamwork, grammar, mathematics | Praising appearance, performance, etiquette, free items |
| Example | The wine complements the cheese. | She gave me a lovely compliment. |
| Memory Trick | Complement shares an 'e' with Complete | Compliment shares an 'i' with Praise (I like it) |
Understanding "Complement"
A detailed breakdown of meaning, grammar, and usage.
Meaning
Pronunciation
Word Class (Verb / Noun)
Grammar
Common Uses
Literal Meaning
Figurative Meaning
American English Usage
Typical Sentence Patterns
Common Collocations
Understanding "Compliment"
A detailed breakdown of meaning, grammar, and usage.
Meaning
Pronunciation
Word Class (Verb / Noun)
Grammar
Common Uses
Literal Meaning
Figurative Meaning
American English Usage
Typical Sentence Patterns
Common Collocations
Key Differences
Meaning & Function
Complement means to complete or enhance something. Compliment means to praise or flatter someone.
Grammatical Function
Both can be nouns or verbs, but complement takes objects that are being enhanced (complements the meal). Compliment takes objects receiving praise (complimented the chef).
Adjective Forms
Complementary means enhancing or completing (complementary skills). Complimentary means praising or free (complimentary tickets).
Common Contexts
Complement is common in aesthetics, food, and math. Compliment is common in social interactions, performance reviews, and hospitality.
Comparison Table
| Feature | Complement | Compliment |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | To complete, enhance, or make something perfect | To praise, congratulate, or express admiration |
| Part of Speech | Verb or Noun | Verb or Noun |
| Pronunciation | /หkษmplษmษnt/ (COM-pluh-ment) | /หkษmplษmษnt/ (COM-pluh-ment) |
| Common Contexts | Food pairings, design, teamwork, grammar, mathematics | Praising appearance, performance, etiquette, free items |
| Example | The wine complements the cheese. | She gave me a lovely compliment. |
| Memory Trick | Complement shares an 'e' with Complete | Compliment shares an 'i' with Praise (I like it) |
Grammar Rules
Grammar Rules & Mechanics
Understanding the specific grammatical mechanics of verbs and adjectives is the key to never confusing these two words again.
Verb Transitivity
Both are transitive verbs that take direct objects, but the objects differ.
- Correct: The blue rug complements the room.
- Incorrect: The blue rug compliments the room.
- Correct: She complimented the chef.
- Incorrect: She complemented the chef.
The rug enhances the room; it does not praise it. Use 'complements'.
She praised the chef; she did not complete the chef. Use 'complimented'.
Adjective Usage
The adjective forms 'complementary' and 'complimentary' have entirely distinct meanings.
- Correct: Their skills are highly complementary.
- Incorrect: Their skills are highly complimentary.
- Correct: The hotel offers a complimentary breakfast.
- Incorrect: The hotel offers a complementary breakfast.
Use 'complementary' to mean their skills balance each other out.
Use 'complimentary' to mean the breakfast is free of charge.
Preposition Pairings
When used as verbs, they pair with different prepositions.
- Correct: He complimented her on her presentation.
- Incorrect: He complimented her for her presentation.
The standard idiom is 'compliment someone on something'.
Noun Phrases
Certain fixed noun phrases require a specific spelling.
- Correct: Saying 'you're smart for a kid' is a backhanded compliment.
- Incorrect: Saying 'you're smart for a kid' is a backhanded complement.
'Backhanded compliment' is a fixed phrase for an insult disguised as praise.
When to Use "Complement"
Specific scenarios where 'complement' is the correct choice. It always involves one thing enhancing, completing, or making another thing better.
Food and Drink Pairings
Use 'complement' when flavors of different foods or drinks go well together.
Example: The tart cranberry sauce perfectly complements the savory turkey.
Color and Design
Use 'complement' when colors, shapes, or design elements enhance each other visually.
Example: The blue curtains complement the gray walls beautifully.
Team Dynamics
Use 'complement' when two people have different skills that combine to make a great team.
Example: Her creative vision and his analytical mind complement each other perfectly.
Fashion and Style
Use 'complement' when an accessory or clothing item completes an outfit.
Example: That pearl necklace will complement your black dress nicely.
Grammar and Linguistics
Use 'complement' as a noun to describe a word or phrase necessary to complete a sentence's meaning.
Example: In the sentence 'She is a doctor,' 'a doctor' is the subject complement.
Mathematics and Geometry
Use 'complement' in math to describe angles that add up to 90 degrees.
Example: A 30-degree angle and a 60-degree angle are complements of each other.
Medical and Biological Science
Use 'complement' in biology to refer to a system of proteins that aid the immune system.
Example: The doctor ordered a blood test to check her complement levels.
Business Strategy
Use 'complement' when a new product or service enhances the value of an existing one.
Example: The new software update complements our existing hardware perfectly.
When to Use "Compliment"
Specific scenarios where 'compliment' is the correct choice. It always involves expressing admiration, praise, or giving something for free.
Praising Appearance
Use 'compliment' when telling someone they look nice or have great style.
Example: I received a lovely compliment on my new haircut today.
Professional Praise
Use 'compliment' to acknowledge a colleague's good work or achievement.
Example: The manager complimented the team on finishing the project early.
Social Etiquette
Use 'compliment' when politely praising a host's home, food, or event.
Example: Guests complimented the chef on the exquisite three-course meal.
Flattery
Use 'compliment' when offering praise, sometimes excessively, to gain favor.
Example: He tried to compliment the judge, hoping it would influence the contest.
Free Items (Complimentary)
Use the adjective form 'complimentary' to describe something given for free as a courtesy.
Example: The hotel offered a complimentary breakfast to all its guests.
Praising Performance
Use 'compliment' to praise an actor, musician, or athlete's skill.
Example: The critic complimented the lead actor's emotional performance.
Backhanded Praise
Use 'compliment' in the phrase 'backhanded compliment' for an insult disguised as praise.
Example: Saying I am smart for a junior was a backhanded compliment.
Returning Praise
Use 'compliment' when returning a polite remark after being praised.
Example: She returned the compliment by praising his excellent taste in music.
Common Expressions
Idioms and standard phrases that rely on the specific meaning of each word.
Expressions with "Complement"
1. Complement the flavors
Meaning: When food or drink items taste good together. Used in culinary arts.
Example: The chef chose a sauce to complement the flavors of the steak.
2. Complement each other
Meaning: When two people or things work well together. Used in relationships and teamwork.
Example: As business partners, they complement each other perfectly.
3. Complement the decor
Meaning: When an item enhances the visual appeal of a room. Used in interior design.
Example: The vintage mirror complements the decor of the hallway.
4. Complement the outfit
Meaning: When an accessory completes a look. Used in fashion.
Example: Those shoes perfectly complement the outfit.
5. Complement the design
Meaning: When elements of a structure or graphic enhance each other. Used in architecture and graphic design.
Example: The glass roof complements the modern design of the building.
6. Perfect complement
Meaning: An ideal match that completes something. Used in product marketing.
Example: This software is the perfect complement to your existing hardware.
7. Complementary colors
Meaning: Colors opposite each other on the color wheel that create contrast. Used in art.
Example: Red and green are complementary colors that make the painting pop.
8. Complementary angles
Meaning: Two angles that add up to 90 degrees. Used in geometry.
Example: In a right triangle, the two acute angles are complementary angles.
9. Complementary medicine
Meaning: Treatments used alongside conventional medicine. Used in healthcare.
Example: Acupuncture is often used as complementary medicine for pain relief.
10. Complementary goods
Meaning: Products whose use is tied to another product. Used in economics.
Example: Printers and ink cartridges are complementary goods.
11. Full complement
Meaning: The complete number or quantity of something required. Used in military and maritime contexts.
Example: The ship sailed with a full complement of sailors.
12. Complement the style
Meaning: When a piece matches the aesthetic theme. Used in fashion and design.
Example: The rustic furniture complements the cabin's style.
13. Complement the text
Meaning: When images or graphics support written content. Used in publishing.
Example: The illustrations beautifully complement the text.
14. Complement the architecture
Meaning: When landscaping or additions match a building's structure. Used in urban planning.
Example: The garden complements the architecture of the museum.
15. Complement the menu
Meaning: When a new dish fits well with existing offerings. Used in restaurant management.
Example: The chef added a light salad to complement the heavy menu.
16. Subject complement
Meaning: A noun or adjective following a linking verb. Used in grammar.
Example: In 'He is tall', 'tall' acts as the subject complement.
17. Complement the skills
Meaning: When one person's abilities make up for another's weaknesses. Used in HR and team building.
Example: We hired her because her skills complement the team's skills.
18. Complement the strategy
Meaning: When an action supports and completes a business plan. Used in corporate strategy.
Example: The new marketing campaign complements our overall strategy.
19. Ideal complement
Meaning: A perfect addition that makes something whole. Used in reviews.
Example: The jazz music was an ideal complement to the cocktail party.
20. Complement the space
Meaning: When furniture or art fits a room's dimensions. Used in home staging.
Example: The large sofa complements the wide, open space.
Expressions with "Compliment"
1. Pay a compliment
Meaning: To offer praise to someone. Used in social interaction.
Example: He paid her a compliment about her beautiful singing voice.
2. Return the compliment
Meaning: To praise someone after they have praised you. Used in polite etiquette.
Example: She said my dress was nice, so I returned the compliment and praised her shoes.
3. Backhanded compliment
Meaning: An insult disguised as praise. Used in conversation and psychology.
Example: Telling her she is 'smart for a woman' is a backhanded compliment.
4. Compliment on appearance
Meaning: Praising someone's looks or clothing. Used in daily conversation.
Example: I gave my coworker a compliment on her new glasses.
5. Complimentary breakfast
Meaning: A free morning meal provided by a hotel. Used in hospitality.
Example: The resort offers a complimentary breakfast buffet every morning.
6. Compliments of the house
Meaning: Free items given by a restaurant or bar management. Used in food service.
Example: The waiter brought us free desserts, compliments of the house.
7. Fish for compliments
Meaning: To try to get people to praise you. Used in behavioral descriptions.
Example: She keeps posting selfies just to fish for compliments.
8. Compliment the chef
Meaning: To praise the person who cooked the food. Used in dining.
Example: Please send my compliments to the chef for this wonderful risotto.
9. Shower with compliments
Meaning: To give someone an excessive amount of praise. Used in admiration.
Example: The fans showered the pop star with compliments after the show.
10. Flattering compliment
Meaning: A praise that makes the receiver feel good. Used in social contexts.
Example: He gave me a flattering compliment about my public speaking skills.
11. Insincere compliment
Meaning: Praise that is fake or meant to manipulate. Used in politics and office politics.
Example: The employee gave an insincere compliment to the boss to get a promotion.
12. Complimentary tickets
Meaning: Free passes to an event. Used in entertainment and marketing.
Example: The theater gave us two complimentary tickets because of the delay.
13. Compliment someone on
Meaning: The grammatical structure for praising a specific trait. Used in writing.
Example: I complimented him on his excellent driving.
14. Compliment the bride
Meaning: Praising the woman getting married. Used in weddings.
Example: All the guests complimented the bride on her stunning dress.
15. Compliment the host
Meaning: Praising the person throwing an event. Used in etiquette.
Example: It is polite to compliment the host on the lovely party before leaving.
16. Receive a compliment
Meaning: To be the target of someone's praise. Used in psychology and daily life.
Example: She blushed when she received a compliment on her artwork.
17. Accept a compliment
Meaning: To graciously receive praise without deflecting it. Used in self-improvement.
Example: It is important to learn how to accept a compliment without arguing.
18. Complimentary words
Meaning: Terms used to express praise. Used in writing and speech.
Example: The reviewer used many complimentary words to describe the novel.
19. Left-handed compliment
Meaning: An ambiguous statement that sounds like praise but is actually an insult. Used in idioms.
Example: Calling him 'surprisingly articulate' was a left-handed compliment.
20. Compliments of the season
Meaning: A formal holiday greeting. Used in cards and letters.
Example: I sent my aunt a card with the compliments of the season.
Collocations
Perfect complement
Meaning: An ideal match that completes something.
Example: The red wine is a perfect complement to the steak.
Complement each other
Meaning: When two things work well together to form a whole.
Example: The two software programs complement each other perfectly.
Complement the flavors
Meaning: To enhance the taste of food or drink.
Example: The spices complement the flavors of the roasted vegetables.
Ideal complement
Meaning: A perfect addition.
Example: The new wing is an ideal complement to the museum.
Complement the decor
Meaning: To enhance the visual style of a room.
Example: The abstract painting complements the modern decor.
Natural complement
Meaning: Things that inherently go well together.
Example: Mentoring is a natural complement to classroom training.
Complement the design
Meaning: To support or enhance a structural or graphic layout.
Example: The lighting complements the design of the lobby.
Complement the outfit
Meaning: To complete a clothing look.
Example: The silver earrings complement the outfit beautifully.
Subject complement
Meaning: A noun or adjective following a linking verb in grammar.
Example: In the sentence 'She is happy', 'happy' is the subject complement.
Complement the style
Meaning: To match an aesthetic theme.
Example: The hardwood floors complement the craftsman style of the house.
Pay a compliment
Meaning: To offer praise to someone.
Example: I must pay you a compliment on your excellent presentation.
Return the compliment
Meaning: To praise someone after they praised you.
Example: He liked my car, so I returned the compliment and praised his watch.
Backhanded compliment
Meaning: An insult disguised as praise.
Example: Saying she is 'pretty smart for a blonde' is a backhanded compliment.
Compliments of the house
Meaning: Free items given by a restaurant or bar.
Example: The waiter brought us a free dessert, compliments of the house.
Receive a compliment
Meaning: To be the target of someone's praise.
Example: She was surprised to receive a compliment from the stern professor.
Flattering compliment
Meaning: Praise that makes the receiver feel very good.
Example: The director gave her a flattering compliment on her acting.
Compliment someone on
Meaning: To praise a specific trait or action.
Example: I complimented him on his beautiful handwriting.
Accept a compliment
Meaning: To graciously receive praise.
Example: She smiled politely to accept the compliment.
Insincere compliment
Meaning: Fake praise meant to manipulate.
Example: He gave the boss an insincere compliment to get on his good side.
Shower with compliments
Meaning: To give someone an excessive amount of praise.
Example: The critics showered the young artist with compliments.
Idioms
A perfect complement
Meaning: Something that completes another thing flawlessly.
Example: Her outgoing personality is a perfect complement to his quiet nature.
Complement the picture
Meaning: To add details that make a situation fully understood.
Example: The new evidence complements the picture of what happened that night.
Complement the set
Meaning: To add the missing piece to a collection.
Example: This antique chair will perfectly complement the set in the living room.
A natural complement
Meaning: Two things that inherently work well together.
Example: Yoga is a natural complement to weightlifting.
Complement the whole
Meaning: To make an entire system or object feel complete.
Example: The finishing trim complements the whole architectural design.
Complement one's strengths
Meaning: To provide skills that another person lacks.
Example: A good business partner will complement your strengths, not copy them.
Complementary angles
Meaning: Two angles that add up to exactly 90 degrees.
Example: In high school geometry, we learned how to calculate complementary angles.
Complement the ensemble
Meaning: To complete a musical or theatrical group.
Example: The cello perfectly complements the ensemble of string instruments.
Complement the strategy
Meaning: To support a business plan with an additional action.
Example: The social media campaign complements the strategy of targeting younger buyers.
Full complement
Meaning: The complete number of people or things needed.
Example: The submarine returned to port with its full complement of crew.
Pay a compliment
Meaning: To express admiration or praise to someone.
Example: I must pay you a compliment on your beautiful garden.
Return the compliment
Meaning: To do something kind or praising for someone who did it for you.
Example: She invited me to her party, so I returned the compliment by inviting her to mine.
Backhanded compliment
Meaning: A remark that seems to praise but actually insults.
Example: Calling him 'not as dumb as he looks' was a backhanded compliment.
Left-handed compliment
Meaning: An ambiguous statement that sounds like praise but is an insult.
Example: He gave her a left-handed compliment by saying she was 'quite articulate for an intern'.
Fish for compliments
Meaning: To try to make people say nice things about you.
Example: She keeps complaining about how fat she is just to fish for compliments.
Compliments of the season
Meaning: A formal holiday greeting, usually for Christmas or New Year.
Example: I sent my clients a holiday card with the compliments of the season.
Compliments of the chef
Meaning: Free food given to diners by the restaurant's head cook.
Example: The waiter brought out a tiny appetizer, compliments of the chef.
Compliments of the house
Meaning: Free items or services provided by a hotel, bar, or restaurant.
Example: Your drinks are on us tonight, compliments of the house.
Shower with compliments
Meaning: To overwhelm someone with praise.
Example: The fans showered the winning team with compliments.
Damn with faint praise
Meaning: To praise someone so weakly that it is actually an insult.
Example: He damned the actor's performance with faint praise, calling it 'adequate'.
Example Sentences
Easy
- The red wine complements the steak.
- She gave me a nice compliment.
- That scarf complements your eyes.
- I complimented him on his new car.
- The two flavors complement each other.
- He paid me a compliment today.
- The blue rug complements the room.
- The hotel gave us a complimentary breakfast.
- Their skills complement each other.
- She likes to fish for compliments.
- The sauce complements the dish.
- I received a compliment on my dress.
- These colors complement well.
- The waiter brought free dessert, compliments of the house.
- His patience complements her energy.
- Please accept my compliments.
- The pillows complement the sofa.
- She complimented the chef on the soup.
- A 30-degree and 60-degree angle are complements.
- He gave me a backhanded compliment.
Intermediate
- The tart cranberry sauce perfectly complements the savory turkey.
- The manager complimented the team on finishing the project early.
- The blue curtains complement the gray walls beautifully.
- I must return the compliment and invite her to my dinner party.
- Her creative vision and his analytical mind complement each other perfectly.
- The hotel offered a complimentary breakfast to all its guests.
- Guests complimented the chef on the exquisite three-course meal.
- That pearl necklace will complement your black dress nicely.
- He tried to compliment the judge, hoping it would influence the contest.
- The new software update complements our existing hardware perfectly.
- The critic complimented the lead actor's emotional performance.
- In high school geometry, we learned how to calculate complementary angles.
- Saying I am smart for a junior was a backhanded compliment.
- The vintage mirror complements the decor of the hallway.
- She returned the compliment by praising his excellent taste in music.
- The illustrations beautifully complement the text.
- The fans showered the pop star with compliments after the show.
- The rustic furniture complements the cabin's style.
- The theater gave us two complimentary tickets because of the delay.
- The spicy sauce complements the bland rice.
Advanced
- The geopolitical strategy relies on forming alliances with complementary economies.
- The ambassador paid the foreign minister a subtle compliment to ease diplomatic tensions.
- The architectural anomaly surprisingly complements the otherwise brutalist aesthetic of the plaza.
- The literary critic complimented the author on their masterful use of allegory.
- The candidate's populist rhetoric complements the current mood of the disenfranchised electorate.
- The philanthropist was showered with compliments after donating millions to the university.
- The symphony's dissonant opening perfectly complements its triumphant crescendo.
- The CEO's remarks were highly complimentary of the board's decision to expand.
- The investor's aggressive strategy complements the firm's traditionally conservative portfolio.
- The professor paid the student a left-handed compliment regarding her 'surprisingly coherent' thesis.
- The botanical garden's layout complements the natural topography of the valley.
- The renowned chef sent his compliments to the table after the successful tasting menu.
- The protagonist's quiet stoicism complements the antagonist's erratic volatility.
- The company offered complimentary upgrades to appease the disgruntled passengers.
- The horticulturist explained how the complementary colors of the flowers attract specific pollinators.
- The manager paid the intern a backhanded compliment, calling her 'ambitious for someone so inexperienced'.
- The historical artifact is a perfect complement to the museum's medieval collection.
- The maestro complimented the soloist on her flawless intonation during the concerto.
- The therapist noted that the couple's complementary neuroses were the root of their marital conflict.
- The review was glowing, showering the director with compliments for his cinematic vision.
Academic
- The empirical data complements the theoretical framework established by prior researchers.
- The peer review was highly complimentary of the study's methodological rigor.
- In generative grammar, a subject complement follows a copular verb to identify the subject.
- The dissertation committee complimented the candidate on her exhaustive literature review.
- The sociological study shows how complementary roles within a household reduce domestic conflict.
- The visiting scholar paid the university a compliment by praising its archival facilities.
- The enzymatic reactions are a perfect complement to the cellular respiration pathway.
- The critic's essay complimented the author's ability to intertwine post-modern themes.
- The archaeological findings complement the historical accounts of the Bronze Age.
- The valedictorian paid the faculty a heartfelt compliment during her commencement speech.
- The mathematical proof demonstrates that the two angles are complements.
- The professor complimented the student on his innovative approach to quantum mechanics.
- The philosophical treatise complements the ethical theories of Immanuel Kant.
- The journal editor sent her compliments to the author for a flawlessly formatted manuscript.
- The linguistic variations complement the anthropological data on migration.
- The historian complimented the archivist on the meticulous preservation of the documents.
- The ecological model relies on complementary relationships between predator and prey.
- The keynote speaker paid the university a compliment by noting its academic prestige.
- The psychological theory complements the neurobiological evidence presented.
- The examiners complimented the researcher on her defense of the thesis.
Business
- The new marketing campaign complements our overall sales strategy.
- The client paid our team a huge compliment on the final presentation.
- Their complementary skills make them an ideal management team.
- The hotel offers complimentary Wi-Fi to all guests in the lobby.
- The software update complements the existing security infrastructure.
- The CEO complimented the department on exceeding its quarterly goals.
- The acquisition is a perfect complement to our current product line.
- The airline provided complimentary drinks to passengers during the delay.
- The HR director noted that the employees' diverse backgrounds complement each other.
- The vendor sent a complimentary gift basket to thank us for our business.
- The graphic design complements the brand's modern image.
- The investor complimented the startup founders on their impressive pitch deck.
- The two companies offer complementary services that appeal to the same demographic.
- The store gave out complimentary samples of the new perfume.
- The new hire's expertise in AI complements the team's software development skills.
- The board paid the retiring executive a warm compliment during the farewell dinner.
- The packaging design complements the eco-friendly nature of the product.
- The restaurant manager complimented the waiter on his excellent customer service.
- The logistics software is an ideal complement to the warehouse management system.
- The firm offered a complimentary consultation to attract new clients.
Real-Life Conversations
School
Student: Did the teacher like my essay?
Teacher: Yes, she paid you a huge compliment on your research.
Student: I'm glad my sources complement the main argument well.
Office
Colleague 1: Our new intern is incredibly organized.
Colleague 2: It's a nice compliment to our chaotic design team.
Colleague 1: Yes, his skills really complement our workflow.
Business Meeting
Director: How did the client react to the proposal?
Manager: They complimented us on the thorough market analysis.
Director: Great. Our data really complements their current strategy.
Restaurant
Customer: The dessert was amazing, please send my compliments to the chef.
Waiter: I will. And here is a complimentary after-dinner drink for you.
Customer: Wow, the port wine perfectly complements the chocolate cake.
Shopping
Customer: I'm looking for a tie to go with this suit.
Cashier: This silver tie will complement the gray suit perfectly.
Customer: I'll take it. Thank you for the compliment on my style.
Formal vs Informal Usage
Professional Emails
In professional correspondence, 'complement' is used to describe how tools or teams work together, while 'compliment' is used to express praise.
Example: Your skills complement our team. I must compliment you on your excellent resume.
Legal Writing
Legal writing uses 'complement' to describe supporting clauses. 'Compliment' is rarely used in formal legal text except in correspondence.
Example: This addendum complements the original contract. Please accept my compliments on the drafting.
Business English
Contracts and Agreements
In business contracts, 'complementary' refers to products that go together, while 'complimentary' refers to free items or services included.
Example: The two firms offer complementary goods. The contract includes complimentary training sessions.
Customer Support
Customer service uses 'complimentary' to offer free items as an apology, and 'complement' to suggest product pairings.
Example: We offer a complimentary upgrade. This accessory complements your purchase.
Academic Writing
Research Papers
In academic writing, 'complement' is used to show how data sets support each other, while 'compliment' is used in acknowledgments.
Example: The qualitative data complements the quantitative results. I compliment my advisor on their guidance.
Literature Reviews
Scholars use 'complement' to describe how theories enhance each other, and 'compliment' to praise an author's work.
Example: The theory complements existing models. The reviewer complimented the author's clarity.
Common Mistakes
The wine compliments the cheese.
Correct: The wine complements the cheese.
Why: The wine enhances the flavor of the cheese; it does not praise it. Use 'complements'.
She gave me a nice complement.
Correct: She gave me a nice compliment.
Why: An expression of praise is a 'compliment' (with an 'i').
They complemented each other on their outfits.
Correct: They complimented each other on their outfits.
Why: Praising someone for their clothing requires 'complimented'.
The blue rug really compliments the room.
Correct: The blue rug really complements the room.
Why: Enhancing the visual appeal of a room requires 'complements'.
Complimentary angles add up to 90 degrees.
Correct: Complementary angles add up to 90 degrees.
Why: In mathematics, angles that complete a right angle are 'complementary' (with an 'e').
With the complements of the management.
Correct: With the compliments of the management.
Why: When giving something for free as a courtesy, use 'compliments of'.
He paid her a huge complement.
Correct: He paid her a huge compliment.
Why: The phrase for offering praise is 'pay a compliment' (with an 'i').
The scarf is a great compliment to your dress.
Correct: The scarf is a great complement to your dress.
Why: An accessory that completes an outfit is a 'complement' (with an 'e').
The team's skills compliment one another.
Correct: The team's skills complement one another.
Why: When different skills combine to make a better whole, they 'complement' each other.
She loves to fish for complements.
Correct: She loves to fish for compliments.
Why: Seeking praise is 'fishing for compliments' (with an 'i').
Learning Tips
Memory Trick: Complement = Complete
Notice that 'complement' and 'complete' both have an 'e' in them. If you are making something complete or better, use 'complement'.
Memory Trick: Compliment = Praise (I like it)
Notice that 'compliment' has an 'i'. Think 'I like it' or 'I praise it'. If you are praising someone, use 'compliment'.
Adjective Trick: Complimentary = Free
If you are in a hotel and get a 'complimentary' breakfast, it is free. The hotel is being nice (praising you) by giving it to you.
Adjective Trick: Complementary = Enhancing
If two things are 'complementary', they complete each other. Think of complementary colors on a color wheel making each other pop.
The Substitution Test
If you can substitute the word 'praise', use 'compliment'. If you can substitute the word 'enhance' or 'complete', use 'complement'.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Quick answers to common questions.
What is the main difference between complement and compliment?
Complement (with an 'e') means to complete, enhance, or make perfect. Compliment (with an 'i') means to praise or express admiration.
Why are complement and compliment so commonly confused?
They are homophones, meaning they sound exactly the same in spoken English. The only way to know which is which is by memorizing the spelling difference based on meaning.
Is 'complimentary' the same as 'complementary'?
No. 'Complimentary' means praising or given for free (complimentary tickets). 'Complementary' means completing or enhancing (complementary skills).
What does 'compliments of the house' mean?
It means the restaurant, bar, or hotel is giving you something for free as a gesture of goodwill. It is a 'compliment' (praise/courtesy) from the establishment.
How do Americans pronounce complement and compliment?
Both are pronounced /หkษmplษmษnt/ (COM-pluh-ment) in American English. They are completely indistinguishable by sound.
Which word is used in mathematics?
'Complement' is used in math. Complementary angles are two angles that add up to 90 degrees, completing a right angle.
Is it 'complement each other' or 'compliment each other'?
It depends. If two people's skills make a perfect team, they 'complement' each other. If two people are praising each other's outfits, they 'compliment' each other.
What is a 'subject complement' in grammar?
A subject complement is a noun or adjective that follows a linking verb (like 'is' or 'seems') and describes the subject. For example, in 'She is a teacher', 'a teacher' is the complement.
How do I remember the difference between the two?
Use the spelling trick: ComplEment = ComplEte (both have 'e'). ComplIment = praise (I like it, has an 'i').
Can 'compliment' be a noun?
Yes. 'Compliment' can be a noun meaning an expression of praise (e.g., 'She gave me a compliment'). 'Complement' can also be a noun meaning a completing element (e.g., 'The wine is a great complement').